從下個月起,我們會談一下以SharePoint作為企業內部企業文件管理平台(Enterpris Content Management)的議題.作為一個集中的文件管理平台,SharePoint當然提供了很多管理層面以及使用者使用經驗上的好處,可是企業內部最常用的網路芳鄰(檔案伺服器)管理方式要何去何從?以下節錄於SharePoint Team Blog中的一篇BLOG: Is the File Server Dead?
"Collaborative file shares can be replaced with SharePoint deployments. Product distribution and database storage will continue to persist as valid scenarios. End users will need training to understand where to save their files. With most file sharing scenarios for the most common file sizes SharePoint lists will be the Microsoft recommended way of sending files inside the corporation and with collaborative SharePoint site extranet deployments, it’s the way to share with partners. Most non technical end users scenarios such as the most common HR, Sales, and Marketing teams can say goodbye to using file shares for file sharing. Some groups and divisions like IT SMS/Product Distribution, Data Warehousing (SQL), Media, and Development groups won't be saying good bye to file servers in Windows 2003 and in code name “Longhorn” with key scenarios leveraging cheap NTFS file storage.
Analyzing your current file servers by server or share or folder may allow you to group them by purpose. Here are some examples of common classifications: Collaborative File Sharing, Historical Archive, Media Server, Dump/Desktop Backup, Source Control Servers/Databases, Personal Storage, Product Distribution, and Application Servers."
簡單來說,對於一般企業內的使用者(例如人事,財務,行銷,銷售),網路芳鄰在導入SharePoint之後將徹底被取代,SharePoint能夠支援這些人員所有對於文件儲存與協同合作的需求.但是對IT人員以及工程設計人員(如需要進行CAD設計的人員),網路芳鄰仍然可以扮演良好的資料儲存空間,此時仍應當考慮以檔案伺服器作為以下一類型作業的最佳選擇:
*Product Distribution (Product packages like Office) - 產品安裝檔案*SMS distribution point (desktop patches and hot fixes) - 軟體安裝與修正檔案派送所需要的檔案*NT Backups, Backup Servers and Desktop Backups (backups) - 系統資料備份*Database Storage - (.mdb, .ldf, ndf, .pst, .ost) - 資料庫*Large Audio/Video and Streaming Media and other large archive read only media such as DVDs, CDs storage (.iso, .wmv, .ram, .vhd) - 大型串流影音檔案與需要大儲存空間的檔案*Developer Source Control - 程式碼的管控*Batch, Command Scripts, Executables (.exe, .vbs, .cmd, .bat) - 可執行檔*Application Server... Client Application Storage Linked Files and File Dependencies - 檔案連結與與系統相關,需要直接存取內容之檔案*Archives and Dumps (.arj, .rar, .zip, .dmp, .bak) - 歷史資料備份
以下為簡要功能比較表:
Windows 2003 R2 File Share (網路芳鄰)
SharePoint Server Document Center
基於ACL的方式管理權限,設定較困難(僅支援AD)
能夠支援多種目錄服務(AD, LDAP, and .NET Pluggable providers)作為帳號管控的來源,並且支援細至單一檔案的權限設定
權限不足時能以電子郵件要求存取
Windows Auditing
完整的稽核報表,能夠進行各類型事件的篩選
以Shadow Copy作為備份機制
(預設有開啟)
具有垃圾回收桶,網站管理者可以輕易救回已刪除檔案的
以DFS(Distributed File System)進行檔案的異地複製
預設即具有可單向發布檔案(同時存至異地)的功能,可以迅速將檔案複製到另一個SITE
支援內寄電子郵件(將電子郵件是為企業文件的一部分)
具備取出/存回機制並可以強制於編輯時檔案取出以免版本衝突
可設定檔案的主次要版本
檔案階層的權限管理
可繼承父類別(文件庫,網站)的整合式資訊管理原則,亦支援單一檔案的權限設定
可於一個文件庫中建立不同類別文件的檢視與篩選,支援單一文件庫中存取不同檔案性質與類別,內建工作流程
File Service Resource Manager for Quotas or 3rd party
可以設定Site Collection 的儲存容量, 內建容量管��報表與管理介面
NTFS Compression, EFS and My Documents Redirection (client dependencies)
Non Transactional. No Rollback without Shadow Copies
SQL Server Transaction Logs
延伸閱讀:
File Servers and SharePoint Doc Libraries... Tough Questions
What Not to Store in SharePoint
ROI from File Shares to SharePoint